Learning outcomes:

• Upon completion of this course the audience will understand how to evaluate the scientific literature for:
• Strength of all-ceramic restorative materials and load to fracture of a Procera® crowns or bridges.
• Precision of fit of all-ceramic crowns and bridges.
• Precision of fit of Procera® Implant Bridges (PIB).
• Cementation and bonding of ceramic crowns.
• Significance of the TiUnite® surface on Nobel Biocare implants.
• Impact of solution-base therapy of “Quality of Life” issues.- Bone grafting in preparation of an implant surgical site.
• The dynamic nature of implant loading.
• Accuracy and predictability of the NobelGuide ™ System.

Scientific evidence:
Strength:
Wagner WC, Chu TM.Biaxial flexural strength and indentation fracture toughness of three new dental core ceramics. J Prosthet Dent. 1996 Aug; 76(2):140-4.

Sierraalta M, Odén A, Razzoog ME. Material strength of zirconia produced with two methods. J Dent Res 2003;82(Spec Iss A): abstract # 0450.

Teixeira EC, Piascik JR, Stoner BR, Thompson JY. Dynamic fatigue and strength characterization of three ceramic materials. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2007 Jun; 18 (6): 1219-24.

Precision of fit:
KokuboY, Ohkubo C, Tsumita M, Miyashita A, Vult von Steyern P, Fukushima S. Clinical marginal and internal gaps of Procera AllCeram crowns. J Oral Rehabil 2005;32:526-530.

Quintas AF, Oliveira F, Bottino MA.Vertical marginal discrepancy of ceramic copings with different ceramic materials, finish lines and luting agents; an in vitro evaluation. J. Prosth. Dent. 2004; 92(3): 250-7.

Precision of fit PIB:
Örtorp A, Jemt T, Back T, Jalevik T. Comparison of precision of fit between cast and CNC-milled titanium implant frameworks for the edentulous mandible. Int J Prosthodont 2003;16(2):194-200.

Takahashi T, Gunne J. Fit of implant frameworks: an in vitro comparison between two fabrication techniques. J Prosthet Dent. 2003 Mar;89(3):256-60.

Cementation/Bonding:
Friedrich R, Kern M. Resin bond strength to densely sintered alumina. In. J. Prosthodont. 2002 Jul- Aug; 15 (4): 333-8

Kern M, Wegner SM. Bonding to zirconia ceramic: adhesion methods and their durabilityDent. Mater. 1998 Jan; 14(1): 64-71

TiUnite® + immediate function:
Glauser R, Zembic A, Ruhstaller P, Windisch S. Five-year results of implants with an oxidized surface placed predominantly in soft bone and subjected to immediate occlusal loading. J Prosthetic Dent 2007;97 (suppl1):S99-S68